{"id":679578,"date":"2024-11-06T10:49:35","date_gmt":"2024-11-06T09:49:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/epizoda-49-kdo-je-zodpovedny-za-spravne-nakladani-v-souladu-s-kodexem-cvut\/"},"modified":"2025-06-30T16:52:22","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T14:52:22","slug":"epizoda-49-kdo-je-zodpovedny-za-spravne-nakladani-v-souladu-s-kodexem-cvut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/cz\/epizoda-49-kdo-je-zodpovedny-za-spravne-nakladani-v-souladu-s-kodexem-cvut\/","title":{"rendered":"Epizoda 49: Kdo je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v souladu s kodexem \u010cVUT?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti bych r\u00e1d p\u0159ednesl t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 se rovn\u011b\u017e t\u00fdk\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnosti. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed kontejnery nebo je nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed ukl\u00e1dat. Oproti star\u00fdm pokyn\u016fm pro balen\u00ed CTU se Kodex CTU vyvinul v z\u00e1vazn\u00fd soubor p\u0159edpis\u016f a auto\u0159i se na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed orientovali i ve struktu\u0159e legislativy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed. Kodex \u010cT\u00da ji\u017e v preambuli odkazuje na osoby zapojen\u00e9 do dopravn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce. V\u0161ichni z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00ed by m\u011bli m\u00edt mo\u017enost spolehnout se na to, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotlivec bude plnit sv\u00e9 \u00fakoly \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b a sv\u011bdomit\u011b. <\/p>\n\n

Kapitola 4 kodexu \u010cT\u00da ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdm stran\u00e1m ur\u010dit\u00e9 povinnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1ny jako z\u00e1vazky. I kdy\u017e se v n\u00ed hovo\u0159\u00ed o osob\u00e1ch, prvn\u00ed krok se v\u017edy vztahuje na spole\u010dnost a druh\u00fd na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed osobu, kterou mus\u00ed spole\u010dnost jmenovat. <\/p>\n\n

Kapitola 1.4.2 ADR uv\u00e1d\u00ed hlavn\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany. Krom\u011b toho je zde uvedena pozn\u00e1mka: „<\/em><\/strong> R\u016fzn\u00e9 strany, kter\u00fdm je ur\u010dena …. Zaji\u0161\u0165ovac\u00ed z\u00e1vazky mohou b\u00fdt postoupeny jedn\u00e9 a t\u00e9\u017ee spole\u010dnosti<\/u>. \u010cinnosti a odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165ovac\u00ed z\u00e1vazky \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka mohou vykon\u00e1vat i r\u016fzn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/u>.“ <\/em>. Z toho jasn\u011b vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee majitel\/\u0159editel spole\u010dnosti je osobou na vrcholu a je odpov\u011bdn\u00fd z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci.<\/p>\n\n

V jednom z p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch blogov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f pop\u00ed\u0161u nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed, jej\u00ed organizaci a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed obecn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Kapitola 4 a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed kodexu \u010cT\u00da obsahuje konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed a podrobn\u00fd popis z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran a jejich povinnost\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 se mi zd\u00e1 i \u00favodn\u00ed pozn\u00e1mka: „Bez ohledu na vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy nebo smlouvy mezi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami vymezuje n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzec odpov\u011bdnosti funk\u010dn\u00ed oblasti odpov\u011bdnosti z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran.“.<\/em> Jin\u00fdmi slovy, osoba, kter\u00e1 danou \u010dinnost skute\u010dn\u011b vykon\u00e1v\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n

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Jsou uvedeny tyto strany:<\/p>\n\n

4.2.1 Provozovatel CTU mus\u00ed<\/em>4.2.2 Odes\u00edlatel je povinen<\/em>4.2.3 Balic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed by m\u011blo<\/em>4.2.4 Odes\u00edlatel\/odes\u00edlatel je povinen<\/em>4.2.5 Provozovatel silni\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1kladn\u00ed dopravy mus\u00ed<\/em>4.2.6 \u017delezni\u010dn\u00ed podnik<\/em>4.2.7 Provozovatel v intermod\u00e1ln\u00ed doprav\u011b by m\u011bl<\/em>4.2.8 Dopravce mus\u00ed<\/em>4.2.9 P\u0159\u00edjemce CTU by m\u011bl<\/em>4.2.10 Pronaj\u00edmatel\u00e9\/n\u00e1kladci a provozovatel\u00e9 pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdch CTU<\/em>4.2.11 V\u0161echny strany uveden\u00e9 v odd\u00edle 4.2 jsou povinny<\/em>4.2.12 V\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany by m\u011bly<\/em><\/p>\n\n

Pro v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby si ov\u011b\u0159ili, kdo jsem. Po vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to skute\u010dnosti najdou v p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti seznam povinnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed splnit. Je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neuplatn\u00ed v\u0161echny povinnosti, proto\u017ee je m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159evz\u00edt smluvn\u00ed spole\u010dnost. Strana na za\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159epravn\u00edho\/dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce, kter\u00e1 se zav\u00e1zala p\u0159\u00edjemci, v\u0161ak mus\u00ed zajistit, aby byl zaru\u010den tok informac\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

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Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pln\u011bn\u00ed povinnost\u00ed se mus\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti projevit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n

– Vhodn\u00e1 organizace nebo organiza\u010dn\u00ed sch\u00e9ma, z n\u011bho\u017e lze jasn\u011b ur\u010dit odpov\u011bdnosti a \u00fakoly na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch.– Pracovn\u00ed pokyny a\/nebo kontroln\u00ed seznamy, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt ke kontrole pln\u011bn\u00ed povinnost\u00ed s ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdmi krit\u00e9rii.– Kontroln\u00ed organizace, kter\u00e1 zajist\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161echna uveden\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria jsou zdokumentov\u00e1na.– Doklad o tom, \u017ee v\u0161echny z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 osoby byly vy\u0161koleny\/vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1ny a\/nebo pou\u010deny.<\/p>\n\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd je proto n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz v k\u00f3du \u010cVUT:<\/p>\n\n

13.1.5 Veden\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde se bal\u00ed CTU, je odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed toho, aby v\u0161echny osoby pod\u00edlej\u00edc\u00ed se na balen\u00ed n\u00e1kladu do CTU nebo na dohledu nad touto operac\u00ed byly n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b vy\u0161koleny a kvalifikov\u00e1ny v souladu s jejich povinnostmi v r\u00e1mci jejich organizace.<\/em><\/p>\n\n

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R\u00e1d bych zde zm\u00ednil n\u011bkolik bod\u016f, proto\u017ee zku\u0161enosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee se \u010dasto m\u00fdl\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad: Kontrola p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00edho kontejneru<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Nez\u0159\u00eddka se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159edepsanou vstupn\u00ed kontrolu kontejneru neprov\u00e1d\u00ed „bal\u00edrna“. Nekontroluje se ani platnost n\u00e1lepky CSC, ani po\u0161kozen\u00ed kontejneru. To m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek vy\u0159azen\u00ed kontejneru z provozu nebo vystaven\u00ed faktury za jeho opravu. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad: Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1kladu v kontejneru<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

P\u0159i pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed procesu ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u017edy pozn\u00e1te, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanci za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed s nejhez\u010d\u00edmi a nejp\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u010d\u00e1stmi n\u00e1kladu a ty problematick\u00e9 nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed na konec. Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1kladu je pak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, \u010dasov\u011b i materi\u00e1lov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a v d\u016fsledku toho \u010dasto nedostate\u010dn\u00e9. Kdy\u017e je kontejner otev\u0159en, prvn\u00ed, co kontroln\u00ed org\u00e1n vid\u00ed, je nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed stav. Tomu lze p\u0159edej\u00edt pomoc\u00ed pl\u00e1nu ulo\u017een\u00ed, kter\u00fd je vypracov\u00e1n p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm prac\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad: Rozlo\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1kladu v kontejneru<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Podle v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkladu je tak\u00e9 celkov\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b kontejneru vych\u00fdlen\u00e9. S ukl\u00e1dac\u00edm pl\u00e1nem lze i tyto \u00fakoly bez probl\u00e9m\u016f splnit. <\/p>\n\n

Takov\u00e9 jasn\u00e9 a jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti lze nal\u00e9zt pouze v n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo p\u0159edpisech.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad osv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed o balen\u00ed kontejneru<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Tento podpis m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9 d\u016fsledky, pokud dojde k po\u0161kozen\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed, kontejneru nebo lodi.<\/p>\n\n

\"Pokyny<\/figure>\n\n
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Toto podpisov\u00e9 pole mus\u00ed b\u00fdt podeps\u00e1no osobou, kter\u00e1 byla p\u00edsemn\u011b pov\u011b\u0159ena spole\u010dnost\u00ed jednaj\u00edc\u00ed za bal\u00edrnu v souladu s: \u00a7 9 odst. 2 OWiG („2. v\u00fdslovn\u011b pov\u011b\u0159en<\/u> vykon\u00e1vat na vlastn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost<\/u> \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed majiteli spole\u010dnosti<\/em>„).<\/p>\n\n

Zpravidla to nen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanec, kter\u00fd ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 a bal\u00ed kontejner. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161ichni z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pro\u0161koleni\/instruov\u00e1ni, aby se ujali \u00fakol\u016f a \u010dinnost\u00ed v souladu s Kodexem CTU. <\/p>\n\n

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\"Pokyny<\/figure>\n\n

Pro toto pole plat\u00ed tot\u00e9\u017e, co ji\u017e bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e pro odes\u00edlatele. Krom\u011b toho mus\u00ed b\u00fdt osoba poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed podpis a v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany pou\u010deny v souladu s kapitolou 1.3 p\u0159edpisu IMDG, proto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edklad dokumentace<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Procesy spojen\u00e9 s balen\u00edm kontejneru \u010dasto prob\u00edhaj\u00ed tak, \u017ee nikdo p\u0159esn\u011b nev\u00ed, co bylo n\u00e1sledn\u011b provedeno. Chyb\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed pokyny, instrukce, jak se m\u00e1 postupovat, a kontrola. K tomu se v\u00fdborn\u011b osv\u011bd\u010dily kontroln\u00ed seznamy. Lze s nimi pracovat krok za krokem. <\/p>\n\n

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Tento protokol o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1kladu je p\u0159\u00edkladem toho, jak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kontroln\u00ed seznam uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017edou \u0161ablonu je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobit vlastn\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016fm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkdy \u0161ablona obsahuje polo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 ve va\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti v\u016fbec neexistuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud jsou pak poka\u017ed\u00e9 za\u0161krtnuty pomoc\u00ed OK nebo OK, zd\u00e1 se to nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Protokol\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed dobrou metodou je po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed fotografi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dopln\u00ed kontroln\u00ed seznamy. Nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee by m\u011bly b\u00fdt spr\u00e1vn\u011b exponovan\u00e9, zaost\u0159en\u00e9 a zobrazovat pouze to, co m\u00e1 b\u00fdt zdokumentov\u00e1no. Pro tento \u00fa\u010del je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edt k dispozici fotografick\u00fd n\u00e1vod, kter\u00fd ukazuje, kter\u00e9 fotografie maj\u00ed b\u00fdt po\u0159\u00edzeny, aby vznikl standardizovan\u00fd, pravideln\u00fd a srozumiteln\u00fd z\u00e1znam. <\/p>\n\n

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V pokynech by m\u011blo b\u00fdt jasn\u011b uvedeno, z jak\u00e9 pozice maj\u00ed b\u00fdt sn\u00edmky po\u0159\u00edzeny. Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 definov\u00e1n minim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozsah sn\u00edmk\u016f, aby dokumentace m\u011bla v\u017edy stejn\u00fd standard. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\"Definice-Pohledový\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Vzhledem k milion\u016fm p\u0159epravovan\u00fdch kontejner\u016f se toho „d\u00edkybohu“ d\u011bje pom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e1lo. Pokud se takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad stane, je obvykle tragick\u00fd a drah\u00fd. Pokud v\u0161ichni z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00ed berou sv\u00e9 povinnosti v\u00e1\u017en\u011b a pln\u00ed je, v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159eprav prob\u011bhne bez probl\u00e9m\u016f. <\/p>\n\n

PS: popsan\u00fd kontroln\u00ed seznam si m\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1hnout z tohoto odkazu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e1\u0161, Sigurd Ehringer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

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<< P\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nekD\u00edl 48: Je nutn\u00e9 zajistit n\u00e1klad v kontejneru sm\u011brem nahoru?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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K dal\u0161\u00edmu p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku >><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Sigurd Ehringer<\/p>

\u2714 VDI-zertifizierter Ausbilder f\u00fcr Ladungssicherung\r\n\u2714 Fachbuch-Autor\r\n\u2714 8 Jahre Projektmanager\r\n\u2714 12 Jahre bei der Bundeswehr (Kompaniechef)\r\n\u2714 20 Jahre Vertriebserfahrung\r\n\u2714 seit 1996 Berater\/Ausbilder in der Logistik\r\n\u2714 44 Jahre Ausbilder\/Trainer in verschiedenen Bereichen —>\r\n\r\nIn einer Reihe von Fachbeitr\u00e4gen aus der Praxis, zu Themen rund um den Container und LKW, erhalten Sie Profiwissen aus erster Hand. Wie sichert man Ladung korrekt und was sind die Grundlagen der Ladungssicherung?\r\nErarbeitet und vorgestellt werden sie von Sigurd Ehringer, Inhaber von SE-LogCon<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti bych r\u00e1d p\u0159ednesl t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 se rovn\u011b\u017e t\u00fdk\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnosti. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed kontejnery nebo je nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed ukl\u00e1dat. Oproti star\u00fdm pokyn\u016fm pro balen\u00ed CTU se Kodex CTU vyvinul v z\u00e1vazn\u00fd soubor p\u0159edpis\u016f a auto\u0159i se na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed orientovali i ve struktu\u0159e legislativy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed. Kodex \u010cT\u00da ji\u017e v […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1536,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[864,871],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-679578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cargo-blog-cs","category-pravni-zalezitosti"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBLOG: Kdo je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v souladu s kodexem \u010cVUT?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kdo je za to zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd? \u2714 Kdo nese odpov\u011bdnost? \u2714 Co \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Kodex \u010cVUT? \u2714 Vzor protokolu o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1kladu \u2714 BLOG od spole\u010dnosti Rothschenk\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/cs\/epizoda-49-kdo-je-zodpovedny-za-spravne-nakladani-v-souladu-s-kodexem-cvut\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"BLOG: Kdo je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v souladu s kodexem \u010cVUT?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kdo je za to zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd? 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