{"id":1271893,"date":"2026-07-20T16:18:38","date_gmt":"2026-07-20T14:18:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/70-diel-spony-bezpecnostnych-pasov-co-system-udrzi-a-co-je-jeho-najslabsim-clankom\/"},"modified":"2026-07-20T16:33:45","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T14:33:45","slug":"70-diel-spony-bezpecnostnych-pasov-co-system-udrzi-a-co-je-jeho-najslabsim-clankom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/70-diel-spony-bezpecnostnych-pasov-co-system-udrzi-a-co-je-jeho-najslabsim-clankom\/","title":{"rendered":"70. diel: Spony bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch p\u00e1sov \u2013 \u010co syst\u00e9m udr\u017e\u00ed a \u010do je jeho najslab\u0161\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nkom?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dne\u0161n\u00fd pr\u00edspevok sa bude venova\u0165 t\u00e9me \u201espony\u201c. Ide o v\u00fdrobky, ktor\u00e9 sa v najrozmanitej\u0161\u00edch variantoch pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v r\u00f4znych oblastiach, napr\u00edklad pri balen\u00ed, v prepravn\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch a pri zabezpe\u010dovan\u00ed n\u00e1kladu. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o tejto t\u00e9me je m\u00e1lo, a ak u\u017e nejak\u00e9 existuj\u00fa, je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ich n\u00e1js\u0165 a \u010dasto nie s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 v\u00fdpovedn\u00e9. T\u00fdmto pr\u00edspevkom sa sna\u017e\u00edm t\u00fato situ\u00e1ciu zlep\u0161i\u0165. <\/p>\n\n

Najsk\u00f4r si polo\u017eme ot\u00e1zku: \u010do je to pracka? Pod\u013ea Wikip\u00e9die ide o sponu s jedn\u00fdm alebo viacer\u00fdmi hrotmi, ktor\u00e1 je pripevnen\u00e1 k remienku. Druh\u00fd koniec remienka sa prevle\u010die cez t\u00fato sponu. Hroty sa zapichn\u00fa alebo prevle\u010d\u00fa cez existuj\u00face otvory, \u010d\u00edm sa opasok zaist\u00ed proti sk\u013aznutiu. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina opaskov na nohavice funguje na tomto princ\u00edpe. <\/p>\n\n

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Pracky s\u00fa zn\u00e1me u\u017e od r\u00edmskych \u010dias a predstavuj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd archeologick\u00fd n\u00e1lez. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na z\u00e1klade ich typick\u00fdch charakterist\u00edk ich mo\u017eno priradi\u0165 k ur\u010dit\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m obyvate\u013estva alebo k ur\u010ditej dobe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

To je samo o sebe zauj\u00edmav\u00e1 t\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj obr\u00e1zku: https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schnalle#\/media\/Datei:G%C3%BCrtelschnalle.JPG<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Z\u00e1kladnou vlastnos\u0165ou pracky je teda spojenie dvoch koncov remienka alebo p\u00e1sky a ich zaistenie proti sk\u013aznutiu.<\/p>\n\n

Pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to vlastnos\u0165 sa vyu\u017e\u00edva pri balen\u00ed, pri zabezpe\u010dovan\u00ed prepravn\u00fdch jednotiek a n\u00e1kladu. Pr\u00e1ve v t\u00fdchto oblastiach sa v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00fa aj d\u00f4kazy o tom, \u010di dan\u00e1 met\u00f3da odol\u00e1 p\u00f4sobiacim\/o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdm sil\u00e1m. Dva prvky (pracka a popruh) sa teda sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa do jedn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, z \u010doho vypl\u00fdva pojem\u201epevnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>\u201c. <\/p>\n\n

Kto si d\u00e1 t\u00fa n\u00e1mahu a napr\u00edklad vyh\u013ead\u00e1 inform\u00e1cie cez Google, r\u00fdchlo zist\u00ed, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed poskytovatelia nech\u00e1vaj\u00fa z\u00e1ujemcov na holi\u010dk\u00e1ch s nepresn\u00fdmi \u00fadajmi alebo v\u0161eobecn\u00fdmi fr\u00e1zami. Na \u010do je dobr\u00e9 tvrdenie \u201eo 50 % lep\u0161ie\u201c, ak ch\u00fdba v\u00fdchodiskov\u00e1 hodnota pre v\u00fdpo\u010det? \u010clovek si polo\u017e\u00ed ot\u00e1zku: \u201eA \u010do teraz??\u201c <\/p>\n\n

Preto mus\u00edme vysvetli\u0165 r\u00f4zne pojmy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v tejto s\u00favislosti d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Pevnos\u0165 v \u0165a\u017een\u00ed (BS = Breaking <\/strong>Strength) = za\u0165a\u017eenie pri zlome (BL):<\/strong> Ide o maxim\u00e1lnu silu, ktor\u00e1 je potrebn\u00e1 na zni\u010denie alebo trval\u00e9 deformovanie s\u00fa\u010diastky. Predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facimi f\u00e1zami pred zlomen\u00edm s\u00fa \u010dasto elastick\u00e9 pred\u013a\u017eenie a trval\u00e1 deform\u00e1cia. <\/p>\n\n

Upev\u0148ovacia sila (LC = Viazacia <\/strong>kapacita):<\/strong> Ide o silu, pomocou ktorej je mo\u017en\u00e9 kompenzova\u0165 sily p\u00f4sobiace na n\u00e1klad (napr. v d\u00f4sledku zr\u00fdchlenia). V\u017edy zah\u0155\u0148a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd faktor. <\/p>\n\n

Prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e1 pevnos\u0165 (MSL =<\/strong> Maximum Securing Load):<\/strong> Ide o silu, s ktorou je potrebn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u0165, ak je pre dan\u00fd komponent uveden\u00e1 iba pevnos\u0165 pri zlome. Hodnota MSL teda zah\u0155\u0148a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd faktor pre nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie. <\/p>\n\n

V pr\u00edpade komponentov (napr. nap\u00ednac\u00edch popruhov), pri ktor\u00fdch je uveden\u00e1 hodnota LC<\/strong>, t\u00e1to hodnota zodpoved\u00e1 hodnote MSL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Pevnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu:<\/strong> Ide o maxim\u00e1lnu silu, s ktorou treba po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 pri sp\u00e1jan\u00ed kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdch prvkov s r\u00f4znymi hodnotami za\u0165a\u017eenia. Pri tom je potrebn\u00e9 overi\u0165, ktor\u00fd kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fd prvok predstavuje najmen\u0161\u00ed podiel na celkovej sile. T\u00e1to hodnota potom predstavuje pevnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu. Tento vz\u0165ah by som chcel vysvetli\u0165 na nieko\u013ek\u00fdch pr\u00edkladoch. S\u00fa fikt\u00edvne a nedaj\u00fa sa aplikova\u0165 na oblas\u0165 \u201ezdv\u00edhania a upev\u0148ovania bremien\u201c, preto\u017ee tam platia in\u00e9 predpisy. <\/p>\n\n

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Predpokladajme, \u017ee m\u00e1me n\u00e1klad s hmotnos\u0165ou 1 000 kg, ktor\u00fd sa m\u00e1 upevni\u0165 na nosi\u010de n\u00e1kladu pomocou polyesterov\u00fdch popruhov. Medza pevnosti (BS = BL<\/strong>) polyesterov\u00fdch popruhov je 2 000 daN. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pod\u013ea princ\u00edpu kladkostroja by bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 na oboch koncoch vyvin\u00fa\u0165 \u0165ahov\u00fa silu 2 000 daN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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P\u00e1s sa m\u00e1 spoji\u0165 s sponou, ktorej medza pevnosti (BS<\/strong>) je 3 000 daN.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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V oblasti zabezpe\u010denia n\u00e1kladu existuj\u00fa r\u00f4zne normy. Ide predov\u0161etk\u00fdm o normu VDI-2700ff (n\u00e1rodn\u00e1) a k\u00f3dex CTU 2015 (medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd), ktor\u00e9 sa touto t\u00e9mou zaoberaj\u00fa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najlep\u0161\u00edm zdrojom je norma CTU, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm preto, \u017ee je verejne dostupn\u00e1. V pr\u00edlohe 7, kapitole 2.4 \u201eUpev\u0148ovacie materi\u00e1ly a zariadenia\u201c sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa podrobnej\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie k tejto t\u00e9me. Kapitola 2.4.2 obsahuje tabu\u013eku vz\u0165ahu medzi pevnos\u0165ou v \u0165ahu a MSL. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, v tomto preh\u013eade sa spona nespom\u00edna. Mohli by sa v\u0161ak pou\u017ei\u0165 \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie pre \u0161ekle, kr\u00fa\u017eky alebo upev\u0148ovacie o\u010dk\u00e1. Hodnota MSL sa stanovuje na 50 % pevnosti v \u0165ahu t\u00fdchto komponentov. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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MSL<\/strong> tejto spony na popruh s BS = 3 000 daN by teda predstavovala 1 500 daN. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 pevnos\u0165<\/strong>, s ktorou sa d\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u0165, je 1 500 daN. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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S oh\u013eadom na tieto inform\u00e1cie je teraz potrebn\u00e9 v konkr\u00e9tnom pr\u00edpade overi\u0165, \u010di je mo\u017en\u00e9 kompenzova\u0165 skuto\u010dne p\u00f4sobiace sily, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa v s\u00favislosti so zr\u00fdchleniami. Na spr\u00e1vne zaistenie nakladacej jednotky v s\u00falade s predpismi by mohli by\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 dva tak\u00e9to syst\u00e9my. <\/p>\n\n

Bohu\u017eia\u013e, ozna\u010dovanie sp\u00f4n nie je v\u0161eobecne upraven\u00e9. Ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdrobca m\u00e1 vo\u013en\u00fa ruku. Ak napr\u00edklad uv\u00e1dza hodnoty pre priamy \u0165ah 16 kN a pre obvodov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie 32 kN, nie je jasn\u00e9, \u010do t\u00fdm mysl\u00ed. LC, BL alebo MSL? V takomto pr\u00edpade je potrebn\u00e9 priamo oslovi\u0165 v\u00fdrobcu alebo dod\u00e1vate\u013ea a vyjasni\u0165 si tieto \u00fadaje. <\/p>\n\n

Po\u017eiadavky normy EN 12195-2 upravuj\u00fa iba ozna\u010dovanie v oblasti up\u00ednac\u00edch popruhov, nie v\u0161ak r\u00f4znorodos\u0165 ostatn\u00fdch prackov, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytuj\u00fa v oblasti balenia a kontajnerovej prepravy.<\/p>\n\n

Pr\u00edslovie: \u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd re\u0165az je len tak siln\u00fd, ako je jeho najslab\u0161\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nok\u201c to vystihuje.<\/p>\n\n

Ak by niektor\u00fd z mil\u00fdch \u010ditate\u013eov poznal zdroj \u010fal\u0161\u00edch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, chcel by som ho l\u00e1skavo poprosi\u0165, aby mi ho poskytol. Za to mu vopred \u010fakujem. <\/p>\n\n

Ako v\u017edy, moje \u00favahy maj\u00fa t\u00fato t\u00e9mu len na\u010drtn\u00fa\u0165, nie ju vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00faco rozobera\u0165. Kto sa s touto \u00falohou d\u00f4kladne obozn\u00e1mi, mo\u017eno n\u00e1jde vlastn\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa jednoduch\u0161ie a lep\u0161ie. Jedine ne\u010dinnos\u0165 zvy\u0161uje v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 riziko po\u010das f\u00e1zy prepravy pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch. Tomu by sa malo za ka\u017ed\u00fa cenu vyhn\u00fa\u0165. <\/p>\n\n

Zaoberajte sa t\u00fdm, m\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 len lep\u0161ie!<\/p>\n\n

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Sigurd Ehringer<\/p>

\u2714 VDI-zertifizierter Ausbilder f\u00fcr Ladungssicherung\r\n\u2714 Fachbuch-Autor\r\n\u2714 8 Jahre Projektmanager\r\n\u2714 12 Jahre bei der Bundeswehr (Kompaniechef)\r\n\u2714 20 Jahre Vertriebserfahrung\r\n\u2714 seit 1996 Berater\/Ausbilder in der Logistik\r\n\u2714 44 Jahre Ausbilder\/Trainer in verschiedenen Bereichen —>\r\n\r\nIn einer Reihe von Fachbeitr\u00e4gen aus der Praxis, zu Themen rund um den Container und LKW, erhalten Sie Profiwissen aus erster Hand. Wie sichert man Ladung korrekt und was sind die Grundlagen der Ladungssicherung?\r\nErarbeitet und vorgestellt werden sie von Sigurd Ehringer, Inhaber von SE-LogCon<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

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<< K predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facemu pr\u00edspevku<\/a>\u010cas\u0165 69: Met\u00f3dy zaistenia: Upev\u0148ovanie \u2013 Ot\u00e1zka uhlov upevnenia…<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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K \u010fal\u0161iemu pr\u00edspevku >> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dne\u0161n\u00fd pr\u00edspevok sa bude venova\u0165 t\u00e9me \u201espony\u201c. Ide o v\u00fdrobky, ktor\u00e9 sa v najrozmanitej\u0161\u00edch variantoch pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa v r\u00f4znych oblastiach, napr\u00edklad pri balen\u00ed, v prepravn\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch a pri zabezpe\u010dovan\u00ed n\u00e1kladu. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o tejto t\u00e9me je m\u00e1lo, a ak u\u017e nejak\u00e9 existuj\u00fa, je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ich n\u00e1js\u0165 a \u010dasto nie s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 v\u00fdpovedn\u00e9. T\u00fdmto pr\u00edspevkom sa sna\u017e\u00edm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1536,"featured_media":1271204,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[872,874],"tags":[1428,1430,1429,1425,1427,1426,1424],"class_list":["post-1271893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cargo-blog-sk","category-fyzicka-stranka-sk","tag-bl","tag-bs","tag-lc","tag-lomova-zataz","tag-msl","tag-pevnost-systemu","tag-spona"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSpony na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 p\u00e1sy \u2013 \u010co tento syst\u00e9m zvl\u00e1dne a kde je jeho slab\u00e9 miesto?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"BL \/ BS \/ MSL jednoducho vysvetlen\u00e9 \u2714\ufe0f Vydr\u017e\u00ed spona bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho p\u00e1su v\u017edy to, \u010do je na nej uveden\u00e9? \u2714\ufe0f Ak\u00e9 chyby sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165? \u2714\ufe0f Odborn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok na blogu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/70-diel-spony-bezpecnostnych-pasov-co-system-udrzi-a-co-je-jeho-najslabsim-clankom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spony na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 p\u00e1sy \u2013 \u010co tento syst\u00e9m zvl\u00e1dne a kde je jeho slab\u00e9 miesto?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BL \/ BS \/ MSL jednoducho vysvetlen\u00e9 \u2714\ufe0f Vydr\u017e\u00ed spona bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho p\u00e1su v\u017edy to, \u010do je na nej uveden\u00e9? \u2714\ufe0f Ak\u00e9 chyby sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165? \u2714\ufe0f Odborn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok na blogu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/70-diel-spony-bezpecnostnych-pasov-co-system-udrzi-a-co-je-jeho-najslabsim-clankom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rothschenk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/de-de.facebook.com\/FirmaRothschenk\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-20T14:18:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-20T14:33:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Gurtschnalle-im-Container-als-System.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sigurd Ehringer\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sigurd Ehringer\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Spony na bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 p\u00e1sy \u2013 \u010co tento syst\u00e9m zvl\u00e1dne a kde je jeho slab\u00e9 miesto?","description":"BL \/ BS \/ MSL jednoducho vysvetlen\u00e9 \u2714\ufe0f Vydr\u017e\u00ed spona bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho p\u00e1su v\u017edy to, \u010do je na nej uveden\u00e9? 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Wie sichert man Ladung korrekt und was sind die Grundlagen der Ladungssicherung? 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