{"id":1494927,"date":"2026-11-09T11:35:46","date_gmt":"2026-11-09T10:35:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/epizoda-74-ako-predchadzat-poskodeniu-pri-preprave-cast-1-co-vlastne-je-poskodenie-pri-preprave\/"},"modified":"2026-11-09T11:45:46","modified_gmt":"2026-11-09T10:45:46","slug":"epizoda-74-ako-predchadzat-poskodeniu-pri-preprave-cast-1-co-vlastne-je-poskodenie-pri-preprave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/epizoda-74-ako-predchadzat-poskodeniu-pri-preprave-cast-1-co-vlastne-je-poskodenie-pri-preprave\/","title":{"rendered":"Epiz\u00f3da 74: Ako predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu pri preprave: \u010cas\u0165 1 \u2013 \u010co vlastne je po\u0161kodenie pri preprave?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-white-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-1 is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#f5f5f5\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af3526b74ff6&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af3526b74ff6\" class=\"wp-block-image size-medium wp-lightbox-container\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-146591\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/info-icon-rothschenk-schwarz.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:75%\">\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead<\/strong>:<br\/>\u010cl\u00e1nok poukazuje na to, ak\u00fdmi jednoduch\u00fdmi prostriedkami a met\u00f3dami je mo\u017en\u00e9 rie\u0161i\u0165 probl\u00e9m balenia zodpovedaj\u00faceho nam\u00e1haniu a prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ho \u0161pecifik\u00e1m konkr\u00e9tnej firmy. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">\u010co vlastne je po\u0161kodenie pri preprave? R\u00f4zne poh\u013eady na rizik\u00e1 s\u00fa doplnen\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhmi rie\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pohyby n\u00e1kladu v obale sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa po\u0161kodenia pri preprave, ktor\u00e9 v\u0161ak na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead \u010dasto nie s\u00fa vidite\u013en\u00e9. Preto je vhodn\u00e9, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd podrobne skontroloval prich\u00e1dzaj\u00facu z\u00e1sielku.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>\u201ePod\u013ea odhadov Zv\u00e4zu nemeck\u00fdch pois\u0165ovn\u00ed (GDV e.V.) je pribli\u017ene 70 % v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u0161k\u00f4d sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch pri preprave na celom svete mo\u017en\u00e9 pred\u00eds\u0165, pri\u010dom zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 z nich priamo s\u00favis\u00ed s nevhodn\u00fdm alebo nekvalitn\u00fdm balen\u00edm.\u201c<\/p><cite><strong>Zdroj: GDV (Zv\u00e4z nemeck\u00fdch pois\u0165ovate\u013eov)<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na z\u00e1klade svojich takmer 30-ro\u010dn\u00fdch sk\u00fasenost\u00ed to m\u00f4\u017eem bez v\u00e1hania potvrdi\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ot\u00e1zka, ktor\u00e1 sa teraz samozrejme mus\u00ed bezprostredne naskytn\u00fa\u0165, znie: ak\u00fd stav tovaru pova\u017eujem za po\u0161kodenie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 prepravou? Uvediem pr\u00edklad: Paleta s vrecami cementu je dodan\u00e1 v\u00fdrobcom pr\u00edjemcovi a po\u010das prepravy d\u00f4jde k po\u0161kodeniu jedn\u00e9ho vreca.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak je pr\u00edjemcom obchod s stavebn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1lmi, bude reklamova\u0165 po\u0161kodenie sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 prepravou, preto\u017ee po\u0161koden\u00fd vrece sa u\u017e ned\u00e1 preda\u0165. Ak je v\u0161ak pr\u00edjemcom stavenisko, vrece tam pravdepodobne vysyp\u00fa do mie\u0161a\u010dky a nikto sa o tom nebude zmie\u0148ova\u0165. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed teda na okolnostiach, kedy sa hovor\u00ed o po\u0161koden\u00ed sp\u00f4sobenom prepravou.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri r\u00f4znych rozhovoroch so z\u00e1kazn\u00edkmi sa opakovane naskytla pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 nadhodi\u0165 t\u00e9mu \u201epo\u0161kodenia pri preprave\u201c. Na moju ot\u00e1zku, \u010di sa vyskytuj\u00fa po\u0161kodenia pri preprave a ak \u00e1no, ko\u013eko ich je, som \u010dasto dostal odpove\u010f, \u017ee \u017eiadne alebo zanedbate\u013en\u00e9. Na druh\u00fa ot\u00e1zku, \u010di existuje nejak\u00e1 firemn\u00e1 defin\u00edcia po\u0161kodenia pri preprave, nasledovalo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ticho.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f4j n\u00e1zor je nasledovn\u00fd: ak neexistuje defin\u00edcia po\u0161kodenia pri preprave \u0161pecifick\u00e1 pre dan\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165, nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 tak\u00e9to po\u0161kodenia konkr\u00e9tne zaznamena\u0165. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed teda na poh\u013eade pozorovate\u013ea, \u010di tak\u00e9to po\u0161kodenie vid\u00ed, alebo nie.<br\/>\u201eAk sa tovar po\u0161kod\u00ed po\u010das prepravy, preto\u017ee nebol zabalen\u00fd sp\u00f4sobom zodpovedaj\u00facim nam\u00e1haniu, m\u00e1 to z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky na poistn\u00fa ochranu a zodpovednos\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch str\u00e1n.\u201c Tak znie vyhl\u00e1senie GDV.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V na\u0161ej byrokratickej nemeckej krajine mo\u017eno predpoklada\u0165, \u017ee v\u0161etko je niekde upraven\u00e9, len sa presne nevie kde. V Obchodnom z\u00e1konn\u00edku (HGB) sa k tejto z\u00e1le\u017eitosti n\u00e1jdu pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 ustanovenia.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br\/>V\u00fdnimo\u010dne uv\u00e1dzame p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 znenie z\u00e1kona:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-text-align-left has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background has-small-font-size\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;margin-top:24;margin-right:24;margin-bottom:24;margin-left:24;padding-top:24;padding-right:24;padding-bottom:24;padding-left:24\"><blockquote><p>Odosielate\u013e je povinn\u00fd tovar, pokia\u013e jeho povaha vzh\u013eadom na dohodnut\u00fa prepravu vy\u017eaduje balenie, zabali\u0165 tak, aby bol <strong>chr\u00e1nen\u00fd pred stratou a po\u0161koden\u00edm<\/strong> a aby <strong>nevznikla \u0161koda<\/strong> ani <strong>dopravcovi<\/strong>. Ak m\u00e1 by\u0165 tovar odovzdan\u00fd na prepravu v kontajneri, na palete alebo v inom \u010di na inom nakladacom prostriedku, ktor\u00fd sa pou\u017e\u00edva na zoskupovanie n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch jednotiek, odosielate\u013e je povinn\u00fd tovar bezpe\u010dne ulo\u017ei\u0165 a zaisti\u0165 aj v tomto alebo na tomto nakladacom prostriedku. Odosielate\u013e je \u010falej povinn\u00fd tovar <strong>ozna\u010di\u0165<\/strong>, pokia\u013e to vy\u017eaduje jeho zmluvn\u00e9 zaobch\u00e1dzanie <strong>.<\/strong><\/p><cite><strong>\u00a7 411 Balenie. Ozna\u010denie<\/strong> <\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A e\u0161te jeden text z\u00e1kona:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote has-text-align-left has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background has-small-font-size\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;margin-top:24;margin-right:24;margin-bottom:24;margin-left:24;padding-top:24;padding-right:24;padding-bottom:24;padding-left:24\"><blockquote><p>(1) Prepravca je osloboden\u00fd od zodpovednosti, pokia\u013e je strata, po\u0161kodenie alebo prekro\u010denie dodacej lehoty sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 niektor\u00fdm z nasleduj\u00facich riz\u00edk: <br\/><br\/>1. dohodnut\u00e9 alebo be\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie otvoren\u00fdch vozidiel, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa zakryt\u00e9 plachtami, alebo nakladanie na palubu; <br\/><strong>2. nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 balenie zo strany odosielate\u013ea<\/strong>; <br\/><strong>3. manipul\u00e1cia, nakladanie alebo vykladanie tovaru zo strany odosielate\u013ea alebo pr\u00edjemcu;<\/strong> <br\/>4. prirodzen\u00e1 povaha tovaru, ktor\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 \u013eahko vedie k po\u0161kodeniu, najm\u00e4 v d\u00f4sledku rozbitia, hrdze, vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho znehodnotenia, vyschnutia, vyte\u010denia alebo be\u017en\u00e9ho \u00fabytku; <br\/><strong>5. nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 ozna\u010denie n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch jednotiek odosielate\u013eom<\/strong>; <br\/>6. preprava \u017eiv\u00fdch zvierat.<\/p><cite><strong>\u00a7 427 Osobitn\u00e9 d\u00f4vody na vyl\u00fa\u010denie zodpovednosti <\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z t\u00fdchto dvoch odsekov mo\u017eno okrem in\u00e9ho odvodi\u0165 nasleduj\u00facu, na sebe nadv\u00e4zuj\u00facu \u00favahu:<br\/><br\/><strong>Krok 1:<\/strong> Defin\u00edcia prepravn\u00fdch za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed<br\/><strong>Krok 2:<\/strong> Ur\u010denie obalu zodpovedaj\u00faceho za\u0165a\u017eeniu<br\/><strong>Krok 3:<\/strong> Pokyny na vytvorenie stabiln\u00fdch prepravn\u00fdch jednotiek<br\/><strong>Krok 4:<\/strong> Pokyny na upevnenie n\u00e1kladovej jednotky na\/v dopravnom prostriedku.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V nasleduj\u00facich pr\u00edspevkoch sa zameriam na jednotliv\u00e9 kroky a predstav\u00edm svoje n\u00e1zory na t\u00fato t\u00e9mu.<br\/><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br\/><strong>Krok 1: Defin\u00edcia dopravn\u00fdch za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed<\/strong><br\/><br\/>Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk si u dod\u00e1vate\u013ea objedn\u00e1 produkt a uvedie dodaciu adresu. Na z\u00e1klade toho je mo\u017en\u00e9 odvodi\u0165 o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 dopravn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenia.<br\/><br\/><strong>Pr\u00edklad: V\u00fdrobn\u00fd z\u00e1vod <\/strong>pre po\u017eadovan\u00fd produkt sa nach\u00e1dza v Nemecku, pr\u00edjemca potrebuje tovar na svojej adrese v Austr\u00e1lii. Ot\u00e1zka znie: ak\u00fdmi dopravn\u00fdmi trasami sa produkt dostane do Austr\u00e1lie? Na v\u00fdber zost\u00e1va len lo\u010f alebo lietadlo. Na z\u00e1klade toho je mo\u017en\u00e9 presnej\u0161ie ur\u010di\u0165 dopravn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Sledujte moje \u00favahy.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dopravn\u00fd prostriedok \u2013 lietadlo:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zo skladu vysokozdvi\u017en\u00fdm voz\u00edkom na n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 auto<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm autom na letisko<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vysokozdvi\u017en\u00fdm voz\u00edkom do leteck\u00e9ho kontajnera<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pomocou vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9ho voz\u00edka k lietadlu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>lietadlom na letisko v Austr\u00e1lii<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm autom k z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dopravn\u00fd prostriedok \u2013 lo\u010f:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zo skladu vysokozdvi\u017en\u00fdm voz\u00edkom do kontajnera<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e1kladn\u00e9 auto s kontajnerom po ceste do pr\u00edstavu, alternat\u00edvne<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u00e1kladn\u00e9 auto s kontajnerom na \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00fa stanicu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>z n\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho vozidla alebo \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho vag\u00f3na na lo\u010f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plavba do cie\u013eov\u00e9ho pr\u00edstavu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z pr\u00edstavu na n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 auto alebo do \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho vag\u00f3na<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00e9ho vag\u00f3na na n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 auto alebo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm autom k pr\u00edjemcovi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nasleduj\u00faci graf m\u00e1 zn\u00e1zorni\u0165 predpokladan\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie, napr\u00edklad v pr\u00edpade lode:<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"434\" src=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Belastungen-auf-die-Ware-bei-unterschiedlichen-Transportwegen-Rotschenk-Blog-1024x434.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1494795\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Belastungen-auf-die-Ware-bei-unterschiedlichen-Transportwegen-Rotschenk-Blog-1024x434.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Belastungen-auf-die-Ware-bei-unterschiedlichen-Transportwegen-Rotschenk-Blog-300x127.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Belastungen-auf-die-Ware-bei-unterschiedlichen-Transportwegen-Rotschenk-Blog-768x326.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Belastungen-auf-die-Ware-bei-unterschiedlichen-Transportwegen-Rotschenk-Blog-600x254.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Belastungen-auf-die-Ware-bei-unterschiedlichen-Transportwegen-Rotschenk-Blog.jpeg 1387w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<div style=\"height:44px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee na ceste je potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 n\u00e1raz pri prudkom brzden\u00ed s hodnotou 0,8 g, na lodi pohyb pri kol\u00edsan\u00ed s hodnotou 0,8 g a tlak pri stohovan\u00ed s hodnotou 2 g.<br\/><br\/>To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nielen obaly v\u00fdrobkov, ale aj upevnenie n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch jednotiek musia by\u0165 dimenzovan\u00e9 na tieto za\u0165a\u017eenia. Kol\u00edsanie lode s hodnotou 0,8 g zodpoved\u00e1 uhlu kol\u00edsania ~38 stup\u0148ov s peri\u00f3dou 2\u20133 kr\u00e1t za min\u00fatu. Tieto dve sn\u00edmky obrazovky z videa maj\u00fa t\u00fato problematiku objasni\u0165.  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"583\" height=\"435\" src=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-Rothschenk-Blog.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1494804\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-Rothschenk-Blog.jpeg 583w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-Rothschenk-Blog-300x224.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"591\" height=\"428\" src=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-2-Rothschenk-Blog.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1494811\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-2-Rothschenk-Blog.jpeg 591w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-2-Rothschenk-Blog-300x217.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 591px) 100vw, 591px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Produkt, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 vo vn\u00fatri obalu vo\u013en\u00fd priestor na pohyb, sa pri ka\u017edom kol\u00edsan\u00ed lode bude pohybova\u0165 a pos\u00fava\u0165 sem a tam.<br\/><br\/>Stla\u010dovac\u00ed tlak pri stohovan\u00ed vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 2 g vznik\u00e1 pri kol\u00edsan\u00ed lode v okamihu zmeny za\u0165a\u017eenia zhora nadol. \u010c\u00edm \u010falej je kontajner od osi nakladania lode, t\u00fdm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed je tlak pri stl\u00e1\u010dan\u00ed stohu. Odosielate\u013e zvy\u010dajne nem\u00e1 \u017eiadny vplyv na miesto ulo\u017eenia kontajnera.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br\/>Kto v \u0161kole d\u00e1val pozor, pozn\u00e1 p\u00e1na Newtona a niektor\u00e9 z jeho z\u00e1konov. Bez toho, aby sme zach\u00e1dzali do detailov, a zjednodu\u0161ene povedan\u00e9, z\u00e1kon znie: <strong>sila = hmotnos\u0165 \u00d7 zr\u00fdchlenie<\/strong>, pri\u010dom stav pokoja znamen\u00e1, \u017ee <strong>sila a \u2013 sila b = nula<\/strong>.<br\/><br\/>Sily p\u00f4sobia v z\u00e1sade v\u017edy na \u0165a\u017eisko hmotnosti. Ak bal\u00edk obsahuje viacero v\u00fdrobkov, ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich m\u00e1 svoje vlastn\u00e9 \u0165a\u017eisko, na ktor\u00e9 p\u00f4sobia sily. A\u017e spr\u00e1vne balenie zlu\u010duje r\u00f4zne \u0165a\u017eisk\u00e1 do jedin\u00e9ho \u0165a\u017eiska bal\u00edka.<br\/><br\/>Z toho mo\u017eno odvodi\u0165 nasleduj\u00facu \u00favahu.  <br\/><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br\/><strong>Obal sp\u013a\u0148a po\u017eiadavky na odolnos\u0165, ak:<\/strong><br\/><br\/>1. aby sa v\u00fdrobok\/v\u00fdrobky vo vn\u00fatri obalu nemohli pohybova\u0165, preto\u017ee \u0165a\u017eisk\u00e1 zabalen\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov sa prostredn\u00edctvom obalov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa s obalom do jedn\u00e9ho jedin\u00e9ho \u0165a\u017eiska<br\/>2. ak obal ako celok dok\u00e1\u017ee kompenzova\u0165 o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenia vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch smeroch<br\/>3. ak sa prepravn\u00e1 jednotka po\u010das f\u00e1zy prepravy a manipul\u00e1cie spr\u00e1va ako jeden celok s jedin\u00fdm \u0165a\u017eiskom.<br\/>4. Ak je obal alebo prepravn\u00e1 jednotka navrhnut\u00e1 tak, aby dok\u00e1zala kompenzova\u0165 aj o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fd tlak pri stohovan\u00ed.<br\/><br\/>Z tohto h\u013eadiska je ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdrobca\/prepravca povinn\u00fd presnej\u0161ie zaznamena\u0165 a definova\u0165 za\u0165a\u017eenia, ktor\u00fdm s\u00fa vystaven\u00e9 jeho v\u00fdrobky a dopravn\u00e9 prostriedky. M\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenia u\u017e pri kon\u0161trukcii. Napr\u00edklad za\u0165a\u017eenia, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa pri be\u017enej manipul\u00e1cii\/pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed a samozrejme aj po\u010das prepravy. Ak je tovar zabalen\u00fd v kart\u00f3nov\u00fdch \u0161katuliach a m\u00e1 sa stohova\u0165 na palete, je potrebn\u00e9 overi\u0165, ak\u00fd ve\u013ek\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 maxim\u00e1lny stohovac\u00ed faktor. Ak sa napr\u00edklad v kontajneri m\u00e1 prepravn\u00e1 jednotka e\u0161te stohova\u0165, aby sa vyu\u017eil dostupn\u00fd prepravn\u00fd priestor, je potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 aj t\u00fato skuto\u010dnos\u0165.<br\/><br\/>Pri v\u00fdbere kart\u00f3nov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu je potrebn\u00e9 zoh\u013eadni\u0165 mo\u017en\u00fd koeficient stohovate\u013enosti alebo do obalu vlo\u017ei\u0165 pomocn\u00e9 prostriedky (napr. hranoly a podobne), aby sa to kompenzovalo.<br\/>V \u010fal\u0161ej \u010dasti podrobnej\u0161ie vysvetl\u00edm jednotliv\u00e9 prvky\/pr\u00ed\u010diny t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa 2. stup\u0148a.<br\/><br\/>Ako v\u017edy, moje vysvetlenia maj\u00fa t\u00fato t\u00e9mu len na\u010drtn\u00fa\u0165, nie ju vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00faco rozobera\u0165. Kto sa s danou \u00falohou d\u00f4kladne obozn\u00e1mi, mo\u017eno n\u00e1jde rie\u0161enia, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa jednoduch\u0161ie a lep\u0161ie. Jedine ne\u010dinnos\u0165 zvy\u0161uje v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 riziko po\u010das f\u00e1zy prepravy pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch, a tomu by sa malo za ka\u017ed\u00fa cenu vyhn\u00fa\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pustite sa do toho, u\u017e to m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 len lep\u0161ie!<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e1\u0161, Sigurd Ehringer<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;&lt;  K predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facemu pr\u00edspevku<br\/><a href=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/epizoda-73-nakladacie-regaly-skladove-regaly-prepravne-regaly\/\">\u010cas\u0165 73: Nakladacie reg\u00e1ly, skladov\u00e9 reg\u00e1ly, prepravn\u00e9 reg\u00e1ly<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull are-vertically-aligned-center has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#516062\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column blog_autor_zusatz is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10vw\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized is-style-rounded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-143199\" style=\"width:150px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-768x767.jpg 768w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/sigurd-ehringer-ladungssicherung-ausbilder-und-berater.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-author\"><div class=\"wp-block-post-author__content\"><p class=\"wp-block-post-author__name\">Sigurd Ehringer<\/p><p class=\"wp-block-post-author__bio\">\u2714 VDI-zertifizierter Ausbilder f\u00fcr Ladungssicherung\r\n\u2714 Fachbuch-Autor\r\n\u2714 8 Jahre Projektmanager\r\n\u2714 12 Jahre bei der Bundeswehr (Kompaniechef)\r\n\u2714 20 Jahre Vertriebserfahrung\r\n\u2714 seit 1996 Berater\/Ausbilder in der Logistik\r\n\u2714 44 Jahre Ausbilder\/Trainer in verschiedenen Bereichen &#8212;&gt;\r\n\r\nIn einer Reihe von Fachbeitr\u00e4gen aus der Praxis, zu Themen rund um den Container und LKW, erhalten Sie Profiwissen aus erster Hand. Wie sichert man Ladung korrekt und was sind die Grundlagen der Ladungssicherung?\r\nErarbeitet und vorgestellt werden sie von Sigurd Ehringer, Inhaber von <a href=\"https:\/\/www.se-logcon.de\/\">SE-LogCon<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column blog_autor_zusatz is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:10vw\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead:\u010cl\u00e1nok poukazuje na to, ak\u00fdmi jednoduch\u00fdmi prostriedkami a met\u00f3dami je mo\u017en\u00e9 rie\u0161i\u0165 probl\u00e9m balenia zodpovedaj\u00faceho nam\u00e1haniu a prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ho \u0161pecifik\u00e1m konkr\u00e9tnej firmy. \u010co vlastne je po\u0161kodenie pri preprave? R\u00f4zne poh\u013eady na rizik\u00e1 s\u00fa doplnen\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhmi rie\u0161en\u00ed. Pohyby n\u00e1kladu v obale sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa po\u0161kodenia pri preprave, ktor\u00e9 v\u0161ak na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead \u010dasto nie s\u00fa vidite\u013en\u00e9. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1536,"featured_media":1494816,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[872,874,887],"tags":[1609,889,1608,1610],"class_list":["post-1494927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cargo-blog-sk","category-fyzicka-stranka-sk","category-pravne-zalezitosti","tag-dopravne-zatazenie","tag-nakladacia-jednotka","tag-tlak-v-stohu","tag-zodpovednost-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Epiz\u00f3da 74: Ako predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu pri preprave: \u010cas\u0165 1 \u2013 \u010co vlastne je po\u0161kodenie pri preprave? - Rothschenk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ako profesion\u00e1lne predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu pri preprave \u2714\ufe0f Ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 tovar v kontajneri? \u2714\ufe0f Vytv\u00e1ranie stabiln\u00fdch nakladac\u00edch jednotiek \u2714\ufe0f Odborn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/epizoda-74-ako-predchadzat-poskodeniu-pri-preprave-cast-1-co-vlastne-je-poskodenie-pri-preprave\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Epiz\u00f3da 74: Ako predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu pri preprave: \u010cas\u0165 1 \u2013 \u010co vlastne je po\u0161kodenie pri preprave? - Rothschenk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ako profesion\u00e1lne predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu pri preprave \u2714\ufe0f Ako zabezpe\u010di\u0165 tovar v kontajneri? \u2714\ufe0f Vytv\u00e1ranie stabiln\u00fdch nakladac\u00edch jednotiek \u2714\ufe0f Odborn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/sk\/epizoda-74-ako-predchadzat-poskodeniu-pri-preprave-cast-1-co-vlastne-je-poskodenie-pri-preprave\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rothschenk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/de-de.facebook.com\/FirmaRothschenk\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-11-09T10:35:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-09T10:45:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/rothschenk.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Rollbewegung-Schiff-Screenshot-2-Rothschenk-Blog.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"591\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"428\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sigurd Ehringer\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sigurd Ehringer\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Epiz\u00f3da 74: Ako predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu pri preprave: \u010cas\u0165 1 \u2013 \u010co vlastne je po\u0161kodenie pri preprave? 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